(#) Exported service does not require permission !!! WARNING: Exported service does not require permission This is a warning. Id : `ExportedService` Summary : Exported service does not require permission Severity : Warning Category : Security Platform : Android Vendor : Android Open Source Project Feedback : https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=192708 Affects : Manifest files Editing : This check runs on the fly in the IDE editor See : https://goo.gle/ExportedService Implementation : [Source Code](https://cs.android.com/android-studio/platform/tools/base/+/mirror-goog-studio-main:lint/libs/lint-checks/src/main/java/com/android/tools/lint/checks/SecurityDetector.java) Tests : [Source Code](https://cs.android.com/android-studio/platform/tools/base/+/mirror-goog-studio-main:lint/libs/lint-tests/src/test/java/com/android/tools/lint/checks/SecurityDetectorTest.java) Copyright Year : 2011 Exported services (services which either set `exported=true` or contain an intent-filter and do not specify `exported=false`) should define a permission that an entity must have in order to launch the service or bind to it. Without this, any application can use this service. !!! Tip This lint check has an associated quickfix available in the IDE. (##) Example Here is an example of lint warnings produced by this check: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~text AndroidManifest.xml:12:Warning: Exported service does not require permission [ExportedService] <service ------- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Here are the relevant source files: `AndroidManifest.xml`: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~xml linenumbers <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="foo.bar2" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <service android:exported="true" android:label="@string/app_name" android:name="com.sample.service.serviceClass" android:process=":remote" > <intent-filter > <action android:name="com.sample.service.serviceClass" > </action> </intent-filter> </service> </application> </manifest> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ `res/values/strings.xml`: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~xml linenumbers <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!-- Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <resources> <!-- Home --> <string name="home_title">Home Sample</string> <string name="show_all_apps">All</string> <!-- Home Menus --> <string name="menu_wallpaper">Wallpaper</string> <string name="menu_search">Search</string> <string name="menu_settings">Settings</string> <string name="sample" translatable="false">Ignore Me</string> <!-- Wallpaper --> <string name="wallpaper_instructions">Tap picture to set portrait wallpaper</string> </resources> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You can also visit the [source code](https://cs.android.com/android-studio/platform/tools/base/+/mirror-goog-studio-main:lint/libs/lint-tests/src/test/java/com/android/tools/lint/checks/SecurityDetectorTest.java) for the unit tests for this check to see additional scenarios. The above example was automatically extracted from the first unit test found for this lint check, `SecurityDetector.testBroken`. To report a problem with this extracted sample, visit https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=192708. (##) Suppressing You can suppress false positives using one of the following mechanisms: * Adding the suppression attribute `tools:ignore="ExportedService"` on the problematic XML element (or one of its enclosing elements). You may also need to add the following namespace declaration on the root element in the XML file if it's not already there: `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"`. ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <manifest xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"> ... <service tools:ignore="ExportedService" .../> ... </manifest> ``` * Using a special `lint.xml` file in the source tree which turns off the check in that folder and any sub folder. A simple file might look like this: ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <lint> <issue id="ExportedService" severity="ignore" /> </lint> ``` Instead of `ignore` you can also change the severity here, for example from `error` to `warning`. You can find additional documentation on how to filter issues by path, regular expression and so on [here](https://googlesamples.github.io/android-custom-lint-rules/usage/lintxml.md.html). * In Gradle projects, using the DSL syntax to configure lint. For example, you can use something like ```gradle lintOptions { disable 'ExportedService' } ``` In Android projects this should be nested inside an `android { }` block. * For manual invocations of `lint`, using the `--ignore` flag: ``` $ lint --ignore ExportedService ...` ``` * Last, but not least, using baselines, as discussed [here](https://googlesamples.github.io/android-custom-lint-rules/usage/baselines.md.html).